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Bosco Verticale Torre D
Milan
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Metrics
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Height
83.9 m / 275 ft
Floors
19
Official Name
The current legal building name.
Bosco Verticale Torre D
Other Names
Other names the building has commonly been known as, including former names, common informal names, local names, etc.
Vertical Forest
Name of Complex
A complex is a group of buildings which are designed and built as pieces of a greater development.
Type
CTBUH collects data on two major types of tall structures: 'Buildings' and 'Telecommunications / Observation Towers.' A 'Building' is a structure where at least 50% of the height is occupied by usable floor area. A 'Telecommunications / Observation Tower' is a structure where less than 50% of the structure's height is occupied by usable floor area. Only 'Buildings' are eligible for the CTBUH 'Tallest Buildings' lists.
Building
Status
Completed
Architecturally Topped Out
Structurally Topped Out
Under Construction
Proposed
On Hold
Never Completed
Vision
Competition Entry
Canceled
Proposed Renovation
Under Renovation
Renovated
Under Demolition
Demolished
Completed, 2014
Country
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of Country, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
City
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of City, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
Postal Code
20122
Function
A single-function tall building is defined as one where 85% or more of its usable floor area is dedicated to a single usage. Thus a building with 90% office floor area would be said to be an "office" building, irrespective of other minor functions it may also contain.
A mixed-use tall building contains two or more functions (or uses), where each of the functions occupy a significant proportion of the tower's total space. Support areas such as car parks and mechanical plant space do not constitute mixed-use functions. Functions are denoted on CTBUH "Tallest Building" lists in descending order, e.g., "hotel/office" indicates hotel function above office function.
A mixed-use tall building contains two or more functions (or uses), where each of the functions occupy a significant proportion of the tower's total space. Support areas such as car parks and mechanical plant space do not constitute mixed-use functions. Functions are denoted on CTBUH "Tallest Building" lists in descending order, e.g., "hotel/office" indicates hotel function above office function.
residential
Structural Material
Steel
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from steel. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks or concrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered a “steel” structure as the concrete elements are not acting as the primary structure.
Reinforced Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars.
Precast Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning system are constructed from steel reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled together on-site.
Mixed-Structure
Utilizes distinct systems (e.g. steel, concrete, timber), one on top of the other. For example, a steel/concrete indicates a steel structural system located on top of a concrete structural system, with the opposite true of concrete/steel.
Composite
A combination of materials (e.g. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structural elements. Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforced concrete beams; a steel frame system with a concrete core; concrete-encased steel columns; concrete-filled steel tubes; etc. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used in a composite building’s core, columns, and floor spanning separately.
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from steel. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks or concrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered a “steel” structure as the concrete elements are not acting as the primary structure.
Reinforced Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars.
Precast Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning system are constructed from steel reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled together on-site.
Mixed-Structure
Utilizes distinct systems (e.g. steel, concrete, timber), one on top of the other. For example, a steel/concrete indicates a steel structural system located on top of a concrete structural system, with the opposite true of concrete/steel.
Composite
A combination of materials (e.g. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structural elements. Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforced concrete beams; a steel frame system with a concrete core; concrete-encased steel columns; concrete-filled steel tubes; etc. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used in a composite building’s core, columns, and floor spanning separately.
concrete
Energy Label
LEED Gold
Official Website
Height
Architectural
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
83.9 m / 275 ft
To Tip
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest point of the building, irrespective of material or function of the highest element (i.e., including antennae, flagpoles, signage and other functional-technical equipment).
86.2 m / 283 ft
Floors Above Ground
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
19
Tower GFA
Tower GFA refers to the total gross floor area within the tower footprint, not including adjoining podiums, connected buildings or other towers within the development.
11,793 m² / 126,939 ft²
Construction Schedule
2008
Proposed
2010
Construction Start
2014
Completed
Developer
Architect
Design
Usually involved in the front end design, with a "typical" condition being that of a leadership role through either Schematic Design or Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
Structural Engineer
Design
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
MEP Engineer
Design
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
Other Consultant
Other Consultant refers to other organizations which provided significant consultation services for a building project (e.g. wind consultants, environmental consultants, fire and life safety consultants, etc).
Other Consultant refers to other organizations which provided significant consultation services for a building project (e.g. wind consultants, environmental consultants, fire and life safety consultants, etc).
Interiors
LEED
Property Management
Vertical Transportation
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Owner
Fondo Porta Nuova Isola
Developer
Architect
Design
Usually involved in the front end design, with a "typical" condition being that of a leadership role through either Schematic Design or Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
Structural Engineer
Design
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
MEP Engineer
Design
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
Main Contractor
The main contractor is the supervisory contractor of all construction work on a project, management of sub-contractors and vendors, etc. May be referred to as "Construction Manager," however, for consistency CTBUH uses the term "Main Contractor" exclusively.
The main contractor is the supervisory contractor of all construction work on a project, management of sub-contractors and vendors, etc. May be referred to as "Construction Manager," however, for consistency CTBUH uses the term "Main Contractor" exclusively.
Colombo Costruzioni S.p.A.; ZH Construction Company S.p.A.
Other Consultant
Other Consultant refers to other organizations which provided significant consultation services for a building project (e.g. wind consultants, environmental consultants, fire and life safety consultants, etc).
Other Consultant refers to other organizations which provided significant consultation services for a building project (e.g. wind consultants, environmental consultants, fire and life safety consultants, etc).
Interiors
COIMA Image; Dolce Vita Capital S.r.l.
Landscape
Studio Emanuela Borio; Studio Laura Gatti
LEED
Property Management
Vertical Transportation
CTBUH Initiatives
Vertical Greenery Now Free to Download
17 June 2016 - CTBUH Research
Milan Celebrates the 2015 Best Tall Building: Bosco Verticale
21 December 2015 - Event
Videos
03 April 2018 | Milan
Bosco Verticale – Porta Nuova, Milan
Devised by Boeri Studio and co-developed and managed by COIMA, Bosco Verticale represents an urbanistic and architectural challenge through a new integrated concept of sustainability....
Research
17 October 2016
Swinal Samant, National University of Singapore
The rise in sustainable skyscrapers and large-scale mixed-use buildings has seen the proliferation of atria and sky-courts worldwide due to their ability to simultaneously contribute...
About Bosco Verticale Torre D
Bosco Verticale, literally “Vertical Forest,” is one of the most intensive living green façades ever realized. It utilizes an architectural concept that replaces traditional cladding materials with screens of vegetation creating a distinct microclimate that works to improve the sustainability of the structure. This type of design creates an urban ecosystem that encourages interaction between the flora, fauna, and the apartments’ residents. The tower is home to 480 big and medium size trees, 250 small size trees, 11,000 groundcover plants and 5,000 shrubs, which is equivalent to an entire hectare of forest cover.
Along with creating a beautiful façade, the incorporation of vegetation into the structure adds a number of sustainable design elements. The foliage acts to improve air quality by filtering out dust and sequestering carbon, while also mitigating the urban heat island effect and reducing noise pollution. As a whole, the living green façade concurrently stimulates interaction with the surrounding environment while also protecting against it.
Videos
03 April 2018 | Milan
Bosco Verticale – Porta Nuova, Milan
Devised by Boeri Studio and co-developed and managed by COIMA, Bosco Verticale represents an urbanistic and architectural challenge through a new integrated concept of sustainability....
18 October 2016 | Milan
CTBUH 2016 China Conference Plenary 3: Cities to Megacities: The Future Q & A
October 18, 2016. Shenzhen, China.Carol Willis, The Skyscraper Musuem; Chao (Ivan) Wan, Tencent Holdings Limited; Jonathan Ward, NBBJ; Stefano Boeri, Stefano Boeri Architetti; Winy Maas,...
18 October 2016 | Milan
CTBUH Video Interview – Stefano Boeri
Stefano Boeri of Stefano Boeri Architetti is interviewed by Chris Bentley during the 2016 CTBUH China Conference. Stefano discusses the development of Bosco Verticale and...
18 October 2016 | Milan
Shijiazhuang, the capital of the Hebei province in northeastern China, is a metropolis of three million people. It forms part of the immense developing megalopolis...
22 December 2015 | Milan
Bosco Verticale: View From a Drone
An in depth look at the Bosco Verticale, as viewed from a drone, produced by www.droniair.it. Bosco Verticale, located in Milan, was the 2015 winner...
12 November 2015 | Milan
Yoram Eilon, Seinor Vice President, WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff, Kenneth Lewis, Managing Partner, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, Hin Kong Poon, Deputy Chief Development Officer, CapitaLand...
12 November 2015 | Milan
A Forest in the Sky: Bosco Verticale, Milan
Alida Forte Catella, Founder and CEO, COIMA, and Stefano Boeri, Founder and Senior Architect, Boeri Studio, speak at the 14th Annual Best Tall Building Symposium...
12 November 2015 | Milan
Alida Forte Catella, Founder and CEO, COIMA, & Stefano Boeri, Founder and Senior Architect, Boeri Studio, are interviewed by Chris Bentley regarding Bosco Verticale, Milan,...
18 September 2014 | Milan
The possibility of creating green surfaces over the structures is an opportunity which is seen with increasing interest by planners and investors, due to the...
Research
17 October 2016
The rise in sustainable skyscrapers and large-scale mixed-use buildings has seen the proliferation of atria and sky-courts worldwide due to their ability to simultaneously contribute...
17 October 2016
Increased High-Rise Resilience to Stabilize Cities of the Future
Dense urban city environments consist of an agglomeration of tall buildings. The resilience of cities as a whole depends, among other components, on the resilience...
17 October 2016
Shijiazhuang, the capital of the Hebei province in northeastern China, is a metropolis of three million people. It forms part of the immense developing megalopolis...
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01 February 2015
A New Urban Forest Rises in Milan
The Bosco Verticale “vertical forest” in Milan, Italy, takes the definition of “green skyscraper” to a new level, deploying more than 13,000 plants across 90+...
16 September 2014
The possibility of creating green surfaces over the structures is an opportunity which is seen with increasing interest by planners and investors, due to the...
16 September 2014
Green Walls in High-Rise Buildings
The latest CTBUH technical guide, Green Walls in High-Rise Buildings, provides a thorough investigation of the methods used around the world for implementation of vertical...
CTBUH Initiatives
Filter by
17 June 2016
Vertical Greenery Now Free to Download
The Vertical Greenery research report on the high-rise vegetation of Bosco Verticale is now available to download for free.
21 December 2015
Milan Celebrates the 2015 Best Tall Building: Bosco Verticale
An event was held in Milan to celebrate Bosco Verticale receiving the “2015 Best Tall Building Europe” and the “2015 Best Tall Building Worldwide.”
30 June 2015
Council Report Examines the Pros and Cons of Vertical Greenery
The American Society of Civil Engineers reviews the CTBUH report on vertical greenery sponsored by Arup. Executive Director Antony Wood is interviewed on the report.
11 June 2013
Italian Team Wins Research Seed Funding
A research team from Iuav University of Venice, Italy, was named the winner of the CTBUH’s second research seed funding grant during the 2013 London Conference Dinner.
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