Ferrovie dello Stato 1

Milan

This project was renovated in 2012 and replaced by Torre Garibaldi A

Height 121.0 m / 397 ft
Please note that this height is estimated, based on a floor count of 28 floors. The estimation has been arrived at by analyzing 5,962 other buildings of the same office function on this database that do have confirmed heights. The user should be aware that non-standard features, such as significant spires or raised entrances / podiums, may affect the accuracy of this estimation.
Floors 28
Official Name
The current legal building name.

Ferrovie dello Stato 1

Other Names
Other names the building has commonly been known as, including former names, common informal names, local names, etc.

F. S. Tower 1, State Railways Administration Tower 1

Name of Complex
A complex is a group of buildings which are designed and built as pieces of a greater development.

Complesso Garibaldi

Type
CTBUH collects data on two major types of tall structures: 'Buildings' and 'Telecommunications / Observation Towers.' A 'Building' is a structure where at least 50% of the height is occupied by usable floor area. A 'Telecommunications / Observation Tower' is a structure where less than 50% of the structure's height is occupied by usable floor area. Only 'Buildings' are eligible for the CTBUH 'Tallest Buildings' lists.

Building

Status
Completed
Architecturally Topped Out
Structurally Topped Out
Under Construction
Proposed
On Hold
Never Completed
Vision
Competition Entry
Canceled
Proposed Renovation
Under Renovation
Renovated
Under Demolition
Demolished

Completed, 1992

Country
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of Country, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.

Italy

City
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of City, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.

Milan

Postal Code

20154

Function
A single-function tall building is defined as one where 85% or more of its usable floor area is dedicated to a single usage. Thus a building with 90% office floor area would be said to be an "office" building, irrespective of other minor functions it may also contain.

A mixed-use tall building contains two or more functions (or uses), where each of the functions occupy a significant proportion of the tower's total space. Support areas such as car parks and mechanical plant space do not constitute mixed-use functions. Functions are denoted on CTBUH "Tallest Building" lists in descending order, e.g., "hotel/office" indicates hotel function above office function.

office

Structural Material
Steel
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from steel. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks or concrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered a “steel” structure as the concrete elements are not acting as the primary structure.

Reinforced Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars.

Precast Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning system are constructed from steel reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled together on-site.

Mixed-Structure
Utilizes distinct systems (e.g. steel, concrete, timber), one on top of the other. For example, a steel/concrete indicates a steel structural system located on top of a concrete structural system, with the opposite true of concrete/steel.

Composite
A combination of materials (e.g. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structural elements. Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforced concrete beams; a steel frame system with a concrete core; concrete-encased steel columns; concrete-filled steel tubes; etc. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used in a composite building’s core, columns, and floor spanning separately.

concrete/steel

Height
Please note that this height is estimated, based on a floor count of 28 floors. The estimation has been arrived at by analyzing 5,962 other buildings of the same office function on this database that do have confirmed heights. The user should be aware that non-standard features, such as significant spires or raised entrances / podiums, may affect the accuracy of this estimation.
Architectural
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."

121.0 m / 397 ft

Floors Above Ground
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).

28

# of Apartments
Number of Apartments refers to the total number of residential units (including both rental units and condominiums) contained within a particular building.

145

# of Elevators
Number of Elevators refers to the total number of elevator cars (not shafts) contained within a particular building (including public, private and freight elevators).

8

Tower GFA
Tower GFA refers to the total gross floor area within the tower footprint, not including adjoining podiums, connected buildings or other towers within the development.

23,751 m² / 255,654 ft²

Construction Schedule
1983

Proposed

1984

Construction Start

1992

Completed

Architect
Design

Usually involved in the front end design, with a "typical" condition being that of a leadership role through either Schematic Design or Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.

Giancarlo Perrotta; Laura Lazzari
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        yearToBeginGroupingInitiatives
        19
        news
        20
        videos
        21
        papers
        22
        resourceCountByType
        23
        resourceYearsByType
        24
        yearToBeginGroupingResources
        25
        sectionsToDisplay
        26
        showDataWarning
        27
        imageForMyCtbuh
        28
        fromTaiwan
        29
        taiwanRank
        30
        videoCategories
        31
        buildingStatuses
        32
        buildingRankings
        33
        outlineImageDimensions
        34
        heightIncrement
        35
        awards
        36
        accessLevel
        37
        heightEstimationMetric
        38
        statuses
        39
        initiativeTypes
        40
        title
        41
        allBuildingStatuses
        42
        data
        43
        alreadyConsentedWithCookies
        44
        cookieConsentConfig
      uri
      GET {city}/{building}/{id}
      middleware
      web
      as
      display-building
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\BuildingController@display
      namespace
      App\Http\Controllers
      prefix
      where
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:129-535
      31 statements were executed, 2 of which were duplicated, 29 unique67.14ms
      • select * from `ctbuh_building` where `ctbuh_building`.`id` = '19548' and `ctbuh_building`.`deleted_at` is null limit 110.5ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 19548
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 17. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_regions` where `v2_regions`.`id` in (1)1.39ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 22. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_countries` where `v2_countries`.`id` in (79)1.31ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 22. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_cities` where `v2_cities`.`id` in (1018)1.43ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 22. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `ctbuh_complex` where `ctbuh_complex`.`id` in (1211) and `ctbuh_complex`.`deleted_at` is null1.24ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 22. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `ctbuh_website`.*, `ctbuh_building_website`.`id_building` as `pivot_id_building`, `ctbuh_building_website`.`id_website` as `pivot_id_website` from `ctbuh_website` inner join `ctbuh_building_website` on `ctbuh_website`.`id` = `ctbuh_building_website`.`id_website` where `type` != 'CTBUH link' and `active` = '1' and `ctbuh_building_website`.`id_building` in (19548)1.24ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. CTBUH link
        • 1. 1
        Hints
        • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `v3_images`.*, `v3_building_image`.`building_id` as `pivot_building_id`, `v3_building_image`.`image_id` as `pivot_image_id`, `v3_building_image`.`position` as `pivot_position` from `v3_images` inner join `v3_building_image` on `v3_images`.`id` = `v3_building_image`.`image_id` where `v3_building_image`.`building_id` in (19548) order by `position` asc1.64ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_awards` where `deleted_at` is null and `v2_awards`.`building_id` in (19548) order by `display_order` asc1.23ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 22. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `v2_resources`.*, `v2_building_resource`.`building_id` as `pivot_building_id`, `v2_building_resource`.`resource_id` as `pivot_resource_id` from `v2_resources` inner join `v2_building_resource` on `v2_resources`.`id` = `v2_building_resource`.`resource_id` where `v2_building_resource`.`building_id` in (19548) order by `date` desc, `title` asc1.45ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `v2_initiatives`.*, `v2_building_initiative`.`building_id` as `pivot_building_id`, `v2_building_initiative`.`initiative_id` as `pivot_initiative_id` from `v2_initiatives` inner join `v2_building_initiative` on `v2_initiatives`.`id` = `v2_building_initiative`.`initiative_id` where `status` != 'Non-CTBUH' and (`status` != 'Invite' or `start_date` > 1739983157) and `v2_building_initiative`.`building_id` in (19548) order by `start_date` desc, `title` asc2.01ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. Non-CTBUH
        • 1. Invite
        • 2. 1739983157
        Hints
        • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `global_news_posts`.*, `building_post`.`building_id` as `pivot_building_id`, `building_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id` from `global_news_posts` inner join `building_post` on `global_news_posts`.`id` = `building_post`.`post_id` where `published_at` < '2025-02-19 16:39:17' and `deleted_at` is null and `featured` = 1 and `building_post`.`building_id` in (19548) order by `published_at` desc1.6ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-02-19 16:39:17
        • 1. 1
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:139
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • update `ctbuh_building` set `views` = 4925 where `id` = 195486.14ms/app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:146buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 4925
        • 1. 19548
        Backtrace
        • 10. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:146
        • 11. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 12. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 13. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • SELECT bc.id, bc.company_id, c.name, c.new_company, cat.name AS category, cat.name_chinese AS category_chinese, subcat.name AS subcategory, subcat.name_chinese AS subcategory_chinese, cat.id AS category_id, subcat.id AS subcategory_id, cat.definition_link AS category_definition, subcat.definition_link AS subcategory_definition, bc.retrofit FROM ctbuh_building_company_new bc LEFT JOIN ctbuh_company c ON bc.company_id = c.id LEFT JOIN ctbuh_company_categories cat ON bc.category_id = cat.id LEFT JOIN ctbuh_company_subcategories subcat ON bc.subcategory_id = subcat.id WHERE bc.building_id = '19548' ORDER BY bc.retrofit, cat.display_order, subcat.display_order, subcat.name, bc.display_order, c.name2.42ms/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Facades/Facade.php:261buldingdb
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 9. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Facades/Facade.php:261
        • 10. /app/Building.php:606
        • 11. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:154
        • 12. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 13. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • select * from `ctbuh_building` where `active` = '1' and `id` = 5082 and `ctbuh_building`.`deleted_at` is null limit 12.48ms/app/Building.php:704buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 5082
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 15. /app/Building.php:704
        • 16. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:394
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select `id` from `ctbuh_building` where `active` = '1' and `linked_building_id` = 195481.14ms/app/Building.php:712buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 19548
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Building.php:712
        • 13. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:395
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select * from `height_estimation_metrics`2.1ms/app/Services/Buildings/HeightEstimation/MetricRetriever.php:42buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        Backtrace
        • 15. /app/Services/Buildings/HeightEstimation/MetricRetriever.php:42
        • 16. /app/Services/Buildings/HeightEstimation/MetricRetriever.php:21
        • 17. /app/Http/Controllers/BuildingController.php:404
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • select * from `v3_image_cache` where `query_string` = 'thumb:53348x500x650' limit 11.87ms/app/Image.php:79buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. thumb:53348x500x650
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Image.php:79
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:383
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:378
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Facades/Facade.php:261
        • 17. /app/Image.php:86
      • select * from `v3_image_cache` where `query_string` = 'thumb:4677x500x650' limit 16.9ms/app/Image.php:79buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. thumb:4677x500x650
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Image.php:79
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:383
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:378
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Facades/Facade.php:261
        • 17. /app/Image.php:86
      • select * from `v3_image_cache` where `query_string` = 'thumb:53348x160x120' limit 11.97ms/app/Image.php:79buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. thumb:53348x160x120
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Image.php:79
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:383
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:378
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Facades/Facade.php:261
        • 17. /app/Image.php:86
      • select * from `v3_image_cache` where `query_string` = 'thumb:4677x160x120' limit 12.02ms/app/Image.php:79buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. thumb:4677x160x120
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Image.php:79
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:383
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:378
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Facades/Facade.php:261
        • 17. /app/Image.php:86
      • select * from `v2_definitions` where `slug` = 'designarch' limit 11.54ms/app/Repositories/DefinitionRepository.php:15buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. designarch
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 15. /app/Repositories/DefinitionRepository.php:15
        • 16. /app/helpers.php:18
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 20. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select * from `v2_definitions` where `slug` = 'designarch' limit 11.32ms/app/Repositories/DefinitionRepository.php:15buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. designarch
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 15. /app/Repositories/DefinitionRepository.php:15
        • 16. /app/helpers.php:18
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 20. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `parent_id` is null1.26ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:17buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/NavMenuItem.php:17
        • 15. /app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php:60
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:124
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` = 27 and `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` is not null order by `display_order` asc1.48ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:110buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
      • select * from `pages` where `pages`.`id` = 88 limit 11.39ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:97buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 88
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:97
        • 21. /app/NavMenuItem.php:78
        • 22. /app/NavMenuItem.php:89
        • 23. view::common.header:91
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` = 28 and `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` is not null order by `display_order` asc1.42ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:110buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` = 2 and `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` is not null order by `display_order` asc1.27ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:110buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` = 4 and `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` is not null order by `display_order` asc1.25ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:110buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 4
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` = 3 and `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` is not null order by `display_order` asc1.39ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:110buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` = 29 and `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` is not null order by `display_order` asc1.24ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:110buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
      • select * from `nav_menu_items` where `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` = 1 and `nav_menu_items`.`parent_id` is not null order by `display_order` asc1.5ms/app/NavMenuItem.php:110buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
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