St. Petersburg

Russia

Events

2019 Tall Building Predictions for the Year to Come

22 January 2019

Check out our monthly predictions based on our industry intelligence to see what trends and milestones will shape the industry in the year to come!

2018 Tall Building Predictions

17 January 2018

Check out all of our 2018 Tall Building Predictions, and dive into the full 2017 Tall Building Year in Review data report.

Twisting Tall Buildings

18 August 2016

CTBUH has released a study that looks at the recent proliferation of twisting towers creating a new generation of iconic buildings throughout the world.

CTBUH Meeting: Russia

01–02 September 2011

CTBUH Chairman Professor Sang Dae Kim held tall building lectures in Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia and Russia with the dual purpose of promoting CTBUH and the 2011 Seoul Conference.

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MessagesTimelineExceptionsViews13RouteQueries29Models89MailsGateSessionRequest
7.3.33PHP Version330msRequest Duration9MBMemory UsageGET city/{slug}/eventsRoute
    • Booting (7.09ms)
    • Application (323ms)
    • 1 x Application (97.83%)
      322.73ms
      1 x Booting (2.15%)
      7.09ms
      13 templates were rendered
      • cities.tabs.people-and-events (resources/views/cities/tabs/people-and-events.blade.php)7blade
        Params
        0
        title
        1
        geo
        2
        initiatives
        3
        committeeTitles
        4
        tabsData
        5
        accessLevel
        6
        roles
      • common-redesign.displayInitiatives (resources/views/common-redesign/displayInitiatives.blade.php)15blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
        13
        header
        14
        people
      • cities.layout (resources/views/cities/layout.blade.php)13blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
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        __env
        2
        app
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        errors
        4
        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
      • cities.partials.mobile-nav (resources/views/cities/partials/mobile-nav.blade.php)13blade
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        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
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        accessLevel
        12
        roles
      • cities.partials.mobile-nav (resources/views/cities/partials/mobile-nav.blade.php)13blade
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        __env
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        dateFormats
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        title
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        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
      • layouts.SSC (resources/views/layouts/SSC.blade.php)13blade
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        0
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        __env
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        app
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        dateFormats
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        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
      • common.header (resources/views/common/header.blade.php)15blade
        Params
        0
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        1
        __env
        2
        app
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        errors
        4
        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
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        data
        14
        nav
      • common.algoliaSearch (resources/views/common/algoliaSearch.php)15php
        Params
        0
        obLevel
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        __env
        2
        app
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        errors
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        lucky_50
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        dateFormats
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        title
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        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
        13
        data
        14
        nav
      • common.algoliaSearch (resources/views/common/algoliaSearch.php)19php
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
        13
        data
        14
        nav
        15
        __currentLoopData
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        item
        17
        loop
        18
        child
      • common.footer (resources/views/common/footer.blade.php)14blade
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        __env
        2
        app
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        errors
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        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
        13
        data
      • common.footer-call-to-subscribe (resources/views/common/footer-call-to-subscribe.blade.php)14blade
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        0
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        __env
        2
        app
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        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
        13
        data
      • cookieConsent::index (vendor/spatie/laravel-cookie-consent/resources/views/index.blade.php)16blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
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        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
        13
        data
        14
        alreadyConsentedWithCookies
        15
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      • cookieConsent::dialogContents (vendor/spatie/laravel-cookie-consent/resources/views/dialogContents.blade.php)16blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        lucky_50
        5
        dateFormats
        6
        title
        7
        geo
        8
        initiatives
        9
        committeeTitles
        10
        tabsData
        11
        accessLevel
        12
        roles
        13
        data
        14
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        15
        cookieConsentConfig
      uri
      GET city/{slug}/events
      middleware
      web
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\CityController@people_and_events
      namespace
      App\Http\Controllers
      prefix
      where
      as
      city-events
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:594-627
      29 statements were executed, 2 of which were duplicated, 27 unique285ms
      buldingdb
      • select * from `v2_cities` where `slug` = 'st-petersburg' limit 110ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. st-petersburg
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 16. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_countries` where `v2_countries`.`id` in (135)1.42ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_regions` where `v2_regions`.`id` in (1)1.11ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `ctbuh_building` where `active` = '1' and `structure_type` = 'building' and (`linked_building_status` is null or `linked_building_status` not in ('COM', 'UC', 'STO', 'UCT')) and `ctbuh_building`.`city_id` in (1438) and `ctbuh_building`.`deleted_at` is null order by `height_architecture` desc, `floors_above` desc, `name_intl` asc233ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. building
        • 2. COM
        • 3. UC
        • 4. STO
        • 5. UCT
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_cities` where `v2_cities`.`id` in (1438)1.51ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 26. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 30. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `v2_initiatives`.*, `v2_city_initiative`.`city_id` as `pivot_city_id`, `v2_city_initiative`.`initiative_id` as `pivot_initiative_id` from `v2_initiatives` inner join `v2_city_initiative` on `v2_initiatives`.`id` = `v2_city_initiative`.`initiative_id` where `v2_city_initiative`.`city_id` in (1438) order by `start_date` desc1.89ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 20. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_cities` where `v2_cities`.`id` in (1439, 1539)1.39ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 25. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `v2_resources`.*, `v2_city_resource`.`city_id` as `pivot_city_id`, `v2_city_resource`.`resource_id` as `pivot_resource_id` from `v2_resources` inner join `v2_city_resource` on `v2_resources`.`id` = `v2_city_resource`.`resource_id` where `v2_city_resource`.`city_id` in (1438) order by `type` asc, `date` desc2.05ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 20. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select * from `v2_people` where `v2_people`.`city_id` in (1438)1.83ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `v2_roles`.*, `v2_person_role`.`person_id` as `pivot_person_id`, `v2_person_role`.`role_id` as `pivot_role_id`, `v2_person_role`.`year_start` as `pivot_year_start`, `v2_person_role`.`year_end` as `pivot_year_end`, `v2_person_role`.`title` as `pivot_title`, `v2_person_role`.`link` as `pivot_link`, `v2_person_role`.`display_order` as `pivot_display_order`, `v2_person_role`.`hide_in_lists` as `pivot_hide_in_lists` from `v2_roles` inner join `v2_person_role` on `v2_roles`.`id` = `v2_person_role`.`role_id` where `v2_person_role`.`person_id` in (2654, 2656, 6294, 10879, 36117, 36144, 38687, 39812) order by `display_order` asc, `name` asc, `pivot_title` asc, `pivot_year_start` asc1.65ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605buldingdb
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 25. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:605
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
        • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
      • select `v2_members`.*, `v2_city_member`.`city_id` as `pivot_city_id`, `v2_city_member`.`member_id` as `pivot_member_id`, `v2_city_member`.`headquarters` as `pivot_headquarters`, `v2_city_member`.`contact` as `pivot_contact` from `v2_members` inner join `v2_city_member` on `v2_members`.`id` = `v2_city_member`.`member_id` where `v2_city_member`.`city_id` = 1438 and `level` > 0 and `v2_members`.`deleted_at` is null order by `level` asc, `name` asc2.15ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:756buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1438
        • 1. 0
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:756
        • 20. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select `ctbuh_company`.*, `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`member_id` as `pivot_member_id`, `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`ctbuh_company_id` as `pivot_ctbuh_company_id` from `ctbuh_company` inner join `v2_ctbuh_company_member` on `ctbuh_company`.`id` = `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`ctbuh_company_id` where `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`member_id` = 310 and `ctbuh_company`.`deleted_at` is null2.03ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:763buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 310
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:763
        • 20. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select `ctbuh_company`.*, `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`member_id` as `pivot_member_id`, `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`ctbuh_company_id` as `pivot_ctbuh_company_id` from `ctbuh_company` inner join `v2_ctbuh_company_member` on `ctbuh_company`.`id` = `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`ctbuh_company_id` where `v2_ctbuh_company_member`.`member_id` = 1414 and `ctbuh_company`.`deleted_at` is null2.04ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:763buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1414
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:763
        • 20. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select * from `v2_resource_categories` where `type` = 'Video'1.26ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:794buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. Video
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:794
        • 13. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select * from `v2_resource_categories` where `type` = 'Video'1.26ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:794buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. Video
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:794
        • 13. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 14. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select * from `v2_resource_subcategories` where `type` = 'Video' and `id` = 13 limit 11.35ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:803buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. Video
        • 1. 13
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:803
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select `v2_people`.*, `v2_city_person`.`city_id` as `pivot_city_id`, `v2_city_person`.`person_id` as `pivot_person_id`, `v2_city_person`.`year_start` as `pivot_year_start`, `v2_city_person`.`year_end` as `pivot_year_end`, `v2_city_person`.`title` as `pivot_title`, `v2_city_person`.`display_order` as `pivot_display_order` from `v2_people` inner join `v2_city_person` on `v2_people`.`id` = `v2_city_person`.`person_id` where `v2_city_person`.`city_id` = 1438 order by `pivot_year_end` asc, `display_order` asc, `title` asc, `last_name` asc1.78ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:896buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1438
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:896
        • 20. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select * from `global_news_posts` where `global_news_posts`.`city_id` = 1438 and `global_news_posts`.`city_id` is not null and `published_at` < '2025-04-15 01:04:20' and `deleted_at` is null order by `published_at` desc1.39ms/app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:904buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1438
        • 1. 2025-04-15 01:04:20
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:904
        • 20. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:219
      • select * from `v2_countries` where `v2_countries`.`id` = 135 limit 11.49ms/app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php:423buldingdb
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 135
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php:423
        • 22. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:950
        • 23. /app/Http/Controllers/CityController.php:607
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
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        • 22. /app/NavMenuItem.php:89
        • 23. view::common.header:91
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
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        Metadata
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
        • 20. /app/NavMenuItem.php:115
        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
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        Metadata
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        Hints
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        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
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        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
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        Metadata
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        Hints
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        • 19. /app/NavMenuItem.php:110
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        • 21. view::common.header:85
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
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